|
About These Pages
Getting Prepared Obtaining FreeBSD |
I was essentially new to using unix and getting ready to install FreeBSD. I decided to keep notes through the process and share my first experience with installing a unix type operating system, FreeBSD.
This does not take the place of any instructions provided in the FreeBSD
book or documentation. In fact, these notes follow those documents. The
discussion here is specific to a particular hardware combination (mine)
and internet provider (Starnet / Treefort). Every situation will be different
and have to be adjusted accordingly.
I'm one of the types that work best when things are organized. In general,
I followed the flow of the book and typically planned to follow the simplest
approach possible for the first install.
Important: Check the errata page at http://www.lemis.com/errata-2.html
for corrections and updates. There are items relating to the installation
and configuration.
Only one is needed. I also made another as a backup. Label the disk right away. It is no longer readable by dos. This is an image copy process and not the dos copy. Here's a screen representation of the process:
C:\>
C:\>d: D:\>tools\rawrite d:\floppies\boot.flp a: Number of Sectors per track for this disk is 18 Writing image to drive A:. Press ^C to abort. Track: 79 Head: 1 Sectors: 16 Done. D:\> |
The CD must be in the drive before you boot in order for the drive to be found by the hardware probe. Put the FreeBSD CD in the cdrom drive and the boot disk in the floppy drive, A: Then press RESET. The normal startup screens display until it starts booting from the floppy.
The "twirling baton" indicates that its starting to load. A "boot:
" prompt will appear with some instructions for different startup modes.
Do nothing and in about 10 seconds, it will continue to boot. After the
version message, three options are presented for continuing.
Skip kernel configuration
and continue with installation.
|
---Active-Drivers---------------------------23
Conflicts------Dev---IRQ--Port--
Storage: (Collapsed) Network: (Collapsed) Communications: (Collapsed) Input: (Collapsed) Multimedia: PCI: (Collapsed) Miscellaneous: ---Inactive-Drivers--------------------------------------------Dev----------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
Some items will have a "collapsed" notation meaning that if you highlight it and press ENTER, the list will be expanded.
The navigation messages and currently available options are displayed at the bottom.
At the top of the screen, the number of "conflicts" will appear. This indicates that two or more drivers have the same address/IRQ. They are not important if the devices don't actually exist but each one needs to be considered and any real conflicts resolved. Some types of conflicts are permitted and will be indicated in the message area.
Highlighting an Active Driver type and pressing ENTER will allow changing of its address and IRQ settings. Highlighting and pressing DEL will move an Active Driver type to the Inactive Driver list. If the unused driver was one creating a "conflict", the number of conflicts shown will be reduced. I just left all the unused drivers since they weren't really a problem.
After I was finished, I pressed "Q" to quit and answered "Y" to confirm save the parameters before exiting. The device probing will start and roll off the screen. The results need to be examined to verify the hardware was found.
The first time I ran the UserConfig device probe, I noticed two problems: No mouse and no cdrom were detected.
I had a PS/2 mouse so I had to add the driver probe to the Active Drivers from the Inactive Driver. I pressed TAB to switch to the Inactive Drivers list, highlighted Input and pressed Enter to expand the list. I then selected psm0 and pressed Enter. This moved it to the Active Driver list. Exiting the install and running UserConfig again, it found the mouse.
The cd rom not being found was a much tougher problem. After a few tries,
a bit of research and telephone calls, the Mitsumi cd-rom turned out to
be a Mitsumi proprietary
model used with Gateway's proprietary sound blaster card. Neither piece
of hardware was useable so they were removed. I replaced it with a Mitsumi
FX410E3 which could be connected directly to the IDE controller. The probe
will not detect it as the mcd0 Mitsumi cd-rom but it will work configured
in this manner. The device probing then found all the hardware.
avail memory = 28889088 (28212K bytes)
{28.2 MB RAM}
Probing for devices on the isa bus: sc0 at 0x60-06f irq 1 on motherboard {monitor} sc0: VGA color <4 virtual consoles, flags=0x0> ed0 not found at 0x280 ed1 not found at 0x300 fe0 not found at 0x300 sio0 at 0x3f8-0x3ff irq4 on isa {serial port COM1} sio0: type 16550A sio1 at 0x2f8-0x2ff irq 3 on isa {serial port COM2} sio1: type 16550A lpt0 at 0x3bc-0x3c3 irq 7 on isa {parallel port LPT1} lpt0: Interrupt-driven port lp0: TCP/IP capable interface lpt1 not found at 0xffffffff {no second parallel port found} mse0 not found at 0x23c {Microsoft mouse not found} psm0 at 0x60-0x64 IRQ 12 on motherboard {PS/2 mouse found} psm0: device ID 0 fdc0 at 0x3f0-0x3f7 irq 6 drq2 on isa {floppy disk controller found} fdc0: FIFO enabled, 8 bytes threshold fd0: 1.44 MB 3.5 in wdc0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7 irq 14 on isa {first hard disk found} wdc0 unit 0 (wd0): <WDC AC2420H> wd0: 405 MB (830760 sectors), 989 cyls, 15 heads, 56 s/t, 512 b/s wdc1 not found at 0x170 {second hard disk not installed} bt0 not found at 0x330 wha0 not found at 0x330 aha0 not found at 0x330 aic0 not found at 0x340 nca0 not found at 0x188 nca1 not found at 0x350 sea0 not found wt0 not found at 0x300 mcd0 not found at 0x300 {CD ROM - Mitsumi not found} matcd0 not found at 0x230 scd0 not found at 0x230 ie0: unknown board_id: f000 ie0 not found at 0x300 ie1: unknown board_id: f000 ie1 not found at 0x360 ep0 not found at 0x300 ex0 not found at 0x300 le0 not found at 0x300 lnc0 not found at 0x280 ze0 not found at 0x300 zp0 not found at 0x300 npx0 flags 0x1 on motherboard npx0: INT 16 interface rootfs is 1440 kbyte compiled in MFS /stand/systinstall running as init on vty0 |
1 Usage Quick start - How to use this menu system 2 Doc Installation instructions, README, etc. 3 Keymap Select keyboard type 4 Options View/Set various installation options
7 Custom Begin a custom installation (for experts) 8 Fixit Enter repair mode with CDROM/floppy or shell start 9 Upgrade Upgrade an existing system c Configure Do a post-install configuration of FreeBSD l Load Config Load default install configuration 0 Index Glossary of functions
|
|
Disk name: wd0
FDISK Partition Editor
Disk Geometry 989 cyls/15 heads/56 sectors = 837760 sectors Offset Size End Name PType Desc Subtype Flags 0
56 55
- 6 unused
0
The following commands are supported (in upper or lower case) A = Use Entire Disk B = Bad Block
Scan C = Create Slice
Use F1 or ? to get more help, arrow keys to select. |
(See also the section about "dangerously dedicated" disks in the FreeBSD FAQ.)
|
Disk name: wd0
FDISK Partition Editor
Disk Geometry 989 cyls/15 heads/56 sectors = 837760 sectors Offset Size End Name PType Desc Subtype Flags 0
56 55
- 6 unused
0
The following commands are supported (in upper or lower case) A = Use Entire Disk B = Bad Block
Scan C = Create Slice
Use F1 or ? to get more help, arrow keys to select. |
Disk name: wd0
FDISK Partition Editor
Disk Geometry 989 cyls/15 heads/56 sectors = 837760 sectors Offset Size End Name PType Desc Subtype Flags 0
56 55
- 6 unused
0
The following commands are supported (in upper or lower case) A = Use Entire Disk B = Bad Block
Scan C = Create Slice
Use F1 or ? to get more help, arrow keys to select. |
NOTE: PC-DOS users will almost certainly require "None"!
( ) BootMgr Install the FreeBSD Boot Manager ("Booteasy")
|
|
Disk: wd0 Partition name: wd0s1 Free: 830704 blocks (405MB) Part Mount
Size Newfs Part Mount
Size Newfs
The following commands are supported (in upper or lower case) C = Create
D = Delete M = Mount pt.
Use F1 or ? to get more help, arrow keys to
select.
|
Disk: wd0 Partition name: wd0s1 Free: 0 blocks (0MB) Part Mount
Size Newfs Part Mount
Size Newfs
The following commands are supported (in upper or lower case) C = Create
D = Delete M = Mount pt.
Use F1 or ? to get more help, arrow keys to
select.
|
Choose an item by pressing [SPACE]. When you are finished, choose
the Exit item or press [ENTER].
[ ] 1 Developer Full sources, binaries and doc but no games [ ] 2 X-Developer Same as above, but includes the X Window system [ ] 3 Kern-Developer Full binaries and doc, kernel sources only [ ] 4 User Average user - binaries and doc only
[ ] 7 Custom Specify your own distribution set [ ] 8 All All sources and binaries (incl X Window System) 9 Clear Reset selected distribution list to nothing <<< 0 Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous)
|
Fonts Font set menu All Select all XFree86 distribution sets Clear Reset XFree86 distribution list Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous)
|
[X] bin Client applications and shared libs [X] cfg Configuration Files [X] doc READMEs and release notes [X] html HTML documentation files [X] lib Data files needed at runtime [ ] lk98 Server link kit for PC98 machines [ ] lkit Server link kit for all other machines [X] man Manual pages [ ] prog Programmer's header and library files [ ] ps Postscript documentation [X] set XFree86 Setup Utility [ ] csources XFree86 3.3.1 standard sources [ ] sources XFree86 3.3.1 contrib sources All Select all of the above Clear Reset all of the above
|
Choose an item by pressing [SPACE]. When you are finished, choose the
Exit item or press [ENTER] will return to the XFree86 menu.
All Select all XFree86 distribution sets Clear Reset XFree86 distribution list Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous)
|
Highlighting the X server menu item and pressing ENTER
will display:
[X] SVGA Standard VGA or Super VGA card [X] VGA16 Standard 16 color VGA card [ ] Mono Standard Monochrome card [ ] 8514 8-bit (256 color IBM 8514 or compatible card [ ] AGX 8-bit AGX card [ ] I128 8, 16 and 24 bit #9 Imagine I128 card [ ] Ma8 8-bit ATI Mach8 card [X] Ma32 8 and 16-bit (65K color) ATI Mach32 card [ ] Ma64 8 and 16-bit (65K color) ATI Mach64 card [ ] P9K 8, 16 and 24-bit color Weitek P9000 based boards [ ] S3 8, 16 and 24-bit color S3 based boards [ ] S3V 8, 16 and 24-bit color S3 Virge based boards [ ] W32 8-bit ET4000/W32, /W32I and /W32p cards [ ] nest A nested server for testing purposes [ ] vfb A virtual frame-buffer server > > PC98 Select an X server for a NEC PC98 [submenu] All Select all of the above Clear Reset all of the above
|
Highlight "Exit" then "OK" and press enter to return to the XFree86
menu.
Server X server menu
Clear Reset XFree86 distribution list Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous)
|
[X] fnts Standard 75 DPI and miscellaneous fonts [ ] f100 100 DPI fonts [ ] fcyr Cyrillic Fonts [ ] fscl Speedo and Type scalable fonts [ ] non Japanese, Chinese and other non-english fonts [ ] server Font server All All fonts Clear Reset fonts selections
|
Highlight "Exit" then "OK" and press enter to return to the XFree86
menu.
Server X server menu All Select all XFree86 distribution sets Clear Reset XFree86 distribution list
|
If you choose No, FreeBSD will use an MD5 based password scheme which, while perhaps more secure, is not interoperable with the traditional UNIX DES passwords on other non-FreBSD systems. Please do NOT choose Yes at this point if you are outside the
United States and Canada yet are installing from a U.S. FTP server. This
will violate U.S. export restrictions and possibly get the server site
into trouble! In such cases, install everything but the DES distribution
from the U.S. server then switch your media type to point to an international
FTP server, using the Custom installation option to select and extract
the DES distribution in a second pass.
|
[X] des Basic DES encryption services [ ] krb Kerberos encryption services [ ] sebones Sources for eBopnes (Kerberos) [ ] ssecure Sources for DES
|
Highlight "Exit" then "OK" and press enter to return to proceed with the installation.
This will give you ready access to over 1000 ported software packages, though at a cost of around 35MB of disk space when "clean" and possibly much more than that if a lot of the distribution tarballs are loaded (unless you have the 4th CD from a FreeBSD CDROM distribution available and can mount it on /cdrom, in which case this is far less of a problem). The ports collection is a very valuable resource and, if you have at lease 100MB to spare in your /usr partition, well worth having around. For more information on the ports collection & the latest
ports, visit: http://www.freebsd.org/ports
|
Select "No" then press enter to return to the Distributions menu.
Choose an item by pressing [SPACE]. When you are finished, choose
the Exit item or press [ENTER].
[ ] 1 Developer Full sources, binaries and doc but no games [ ] 2 X-Developer Same as above, but include the X Window system [ ] 3 Kern-Developer Full binaries and doc, kernel sources only [ ] 4 User Average user - binaries and doc only [ ] 5 X-User Same as above but includes the X Window System [ ] 6 Minimal The smallest configuration possible [ ] 7 Custom Specify your own distribution set [ ] 8 All All sources and binaries (incl X Window System 9 Clear Reset selected distribution list to nothing
|
After finishing, highlight "Exit" then "OK" and press enter to continue with installation.
3 FTP Passive Install from an FTP server through a firewall 4 DOS Install from a DOS partition 5 NFS Install over NFS 6 File System Install from an existing filesystem 7 Floppy Install from a floppy disk set 8 Tape Install from SCSI or QIC tape 9 Options Go to the Options screen
|
If you're running this on a disk with data you wish to save then WE STRONGLY ENCOURAGE YOU TO MAKE PROPER BACKUPS before proceeding! We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents!
|
Toward the end of the process a "Remaking all devices.. Please wait!" message will appear. This process will take a few minutes and be followed by "Fixing Permissions" message.
Then, hopefully, the following message will appear:
We will now move on to the final configuration questions.
If you wish to re-enter this utility after the system is up,
you may do so by typing: /stand/sysinstall .
|
There are remaining screens which allow you to do some configuration at this point. These can also be configured later by using /stand/sysinstall and do a post-install configuration of FreeBSD.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Africa
4 Arctic Ocean 5 Asia 6 Atlantic Ocean 7 Australia 8 Europe 9 Indian Ocean 0 Pacfic Ocean
|
44 Africa
47 Venezuela 48 Virgin Islands (British) 49 Virgin Islands (U.S.)
|
12 Mountain Time - Navajo
15 Alaska Time 16 Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle
|
|
|
( ) COM1 Serial mouse on COM1 ( ) COM2 Serial mouse on COM1 ( ) COM3 Serial mouse on COM1 ( ) COM4 Serial mouse on COM1 ( ) BusMouse Logitech or ATI bus mouse
|
|
|
|
Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous)
|
|
Login ID
UID Group Password Full name Member groups Home directory Login shell |
The login name of the new user (mandatory)
The numerical ID for this user (leave blank for automatic choice) The login group name for this user (leave blank for automatic choice The password for this user (enter this field with care!) The user's full name (comment) The groups this user belongs to (i.e. gets access rights for) The user's home directory (leave blank for default) The user's login shell (leave blank for default) |
Add user Add a new user to the system Add group Add a new user group to the system
|
This is the password you'll use to log in as "root".
|
Changing local password for root.
New password : Retype new password : |
PLEASE, take just 5 minutes to do this. If we're ever to get
any significant base of commercial software for FreeBSD, we need to be
able to provide more information about the size of our user community.
This is where your registration can really help us, and you can also sign
up for the new FreeBSD newsletter (its free!) at the same time.
|
|
|
|
--- bootup and device probe ---
swapon: adding /dev/wd0s1b as swap device
/dev/rwd0s1e: clean, 29762 free (0 frags,
3709, 0.0% fragmentation)
Additional routing options.
FreeBSD (myname.mydomain) (ttyv0) login: mrX
FreeBSd 2.2.5-RELEASE (GENERIC) #0 Tue Oct 21 14:33:00 GMT 1997 Welcome to FreeBSD! If the info distribution has been loaded on
this machine, the FreeBSD
Type /stand/sysinstall to re-enter the installation and configuration utility. $ pwd
|